Kashmir Conflict – Long and Short Essay

Kashmir Issue Essay (400 Words)

The Kashmir Issue is the burning question of today. It demands instant attention of the world powers. No real peace can come to the Sub-continent until this problem is solved.

The British sold the valley of Kashmir to Gulab Sing in 1846. When Pakistan came into being in 1947, the Kashmiri people wanted to join Pakistan came into being in 1947, the Kashmiri people wanted to join Pakistan. Raja Hari Singh acceded to India. Sheikh Abdullah supported the decision. The Kashmiris revolted against the decision and took up arms. The Indian army entered Kashmir. Pakistan supported the Kashmiris. A part of Kashmir was liberated. The matter was taken to the UNO. The UNO promised to hold a plebiscite in Kashmir. India agreed to it. The war ended but India backed out her promise. Russia supported India. The UNO was helpless. Plebiscite could not be held. A large part of the valley is still under the occupation of India. The Kashmiris revolted against India in 1965 and started their war of liberation. Pakistan prevents her from helping the Kashmiris. There was another war between Pakistan and India. India promised to hold talks on this issue but she has never fulfilled her promise.

There are religious, social, economic and geographical reasons for our adherence to Kashmir. In the word “Pakistan” the letter “K” represents Kashmir. Firstly, the Kashmir are our Muslims brothers. Secondly, a number of relatives of the Kashmiris live in Pakistan. Thirdly, Kashmir is situated to the north of Pakistan. All its rivers flow to Pakistan. Fourthly, economically, Kashmir and Pakistan are interdependent. Much of timber found in Kashmir mountains are cut down and dragged down through the rivers in Pakistan. Another item is fresh fruit and vegetables. The nearest market for these Kashmiri articles is Rawalpindi. If this market refuses to accept these articles, the Kashmiri economy will get a severe setback.

India is holding Kashmir only by force. The Indian soldiers enter the house and rob and rape the ladies. Whenever, the Kashmiris resist, they attack and drop bombs. They demolish the whole villages. They have arrested and imprisoned a number of innocent citizens. They want to crush their freedom movement. But they will never succeed in emitting Islam from their hearts. Now, Kashmiris are fighting the guerilla war. The Pakistani people are naturally worried about their Kashmiri brothers. A general strike is held every year in Pakistan on 5th February to support the Kashmiris. Most of the countries of the world support Pakistan’s view of point.

Kashmir Issue Essay (500 Words)

“There is no substitute for freedom.”

Kashmir issue is the core issue between Pakistan and India. It has a deep and direct effect on Indo-Pak Relations and peace and prosperity in South Asia. At present, it is an issue of international importance. Kashmir problem is not new. It dates back to even before the division of the Sub-continent into Pakistan and India. Pakistan and India became two independent sovereign States but unfortunately, Kashmir could not enjoy freedom. The people of Kashmir have been struggling for freedom for more than fifty years. One can imagine the loss and sacrifices that have been offered and are still being offered by the people of Kashmir.

Talking about Kashmir raises many questions in one’s mind like:

• Why is Kashmir not independent yet?
• What is the role of UNO?
• Is India superior to UNO?
• Is Kashmir issue insoluble?
• Why are Muslims suffering all over the world?

The answers to these questions are yet to be provided. Kashmir is officially known as Jammu and Kashmir state. It shares borders with Pakistan, India, and China. It was under the rule of Hindu Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Its population ratio is 80% Muslims and 20% Hindus. At the time of partition of the Sub-continent, Kashmir was given a chance to join Pakistan or India. Keeping in view the 80% Muslim population, it was very clear that Kashmir would join Pakistan. But in order to safeguard Hindu interests, the Hindu Maharaja turned the decision in favor of India.

“Kashmir has a right to be Free and Independent.”

This illegal decision gave birth to the clash in Kashmir. To make it a problem the Maharaja started barbarian acts against the people of Kashmir. As a result, the Muslims, for the sake of survival, fled from Kashmir and found refuge in Pakistan. At this the Hindus found a chance to enter their armed forces in Kashmir on October 26, 1947. Since then an unending period of struggle and strife has been the fate of the people of Kashmir. Pakistan has always raised its justified voice of peace in Kashmir. There has never been a justification for the Indian genocide in Kashmir. Freedom is their natural right. Pakistan has always tried peaceful efforts to settle the Kashmir issue. On the other hand, India has always believed in war and escape. Pakistan always claims to settle this issue according to the UNO Resolutions that gives the people of Kashmir a right to decide about their accession. But India has only one policy “Avoid and genocide”.

“The Kashmiris have been dreaming about freedom for decades.”

For the last some years, there have been discussions between Pakistan and India to settle the matter amicably. “Ailan-e-Lahore” is quite famous in this regard. The latest discussions have taken place in July 2001 in India. Though no collective decision could be taken, however, there has been a step to settle it. These latest talks are hopeful in the sense that at least there would be an end to war and brutality.

Let us hope and pray that the innocent people of Kashmir Will finally win freedom. What not has been sacrificed by the people of Kashmir? now it is duty of the UNO to take this issue as top priority and play its part effectively to help the people of Kashmir to win long-awaited freedom.

Kashmir Issue Essay (1500 Words)

No constitution, no court, no law can save liberty when it dies in the hearts and minds of men and women. It is dearly bought, continually paid for and difficult to keep. But the oppressors who uproot the tree of others freedom are eventually crushed by its fall, for the natives never compromise on their liberty and keep striving to breathe again in the air of freedom. The same struggle is going on in the Valley of Kashmir.

“What stands if freedom falls?” Rudyard Kipling, For all we have and Are

It is nearly six decades since Kashmir has been a disputed territory due to the unjust and immoral occupation of India on the large part of the Valley. The people of Kashmir are valiantly fighting against the oppressors and sacrificing their lives for the right of self-determination and liberation.

“Where the Spirit of Lord is, there is liberty.” New Testament

The Indian troops, on the other hand, are violating the human rights by genocide, mass arrests, searches without the warrant, the widespread use of mental and physical tortures, gang rapes, sieges and dismantling of the sacred places, destruction of houses and fields and the infliction of starvation through long curfews. No international organization or world power has so far made any serious and sincere attempt to settle this gravest issue that has been a constant threat not only to regional stability but also to global peace.

A Paradise on the Earth

Kashmir that was usually called the earthly paradise due to its supreme natural beauty has now become the valley of blood, bullets, bayonets, fire and dead bodies because of the atrocities of the Indian army. The geographical location of Kashmir is tremendously important as it borders on five countries, namely Pakistan, India, China, Russia and Afghanistan. It is situated at the height of 5000 feet above the sea level comprising the area of 85000 square miles. It has got all four seasons and the climate is bitterly cold in winter and moderates in summer. The economy of Kashmir is mainly agricultural based on various kinds of timber, silk, wool, fruit, saffron, walnut, wood, carpets and various other small handicrafts. Kashmir is also highly rich in the deposition of various minerals, and it is also the catchments area of some famous rivers which flow both in India and Pakistan. So, the geographical location of Kashmir is of vital significance for both countries.

The issue of Kashmir dates back to 1845 when the British rulers ironically allowed Gulab Singh to take possession of the state with the large majority of the Muslims therein. It was virtually a despotic era for the Kashmiris and it eventually resulted in Quit Kashmir Movement against the Maharaja in 1931. Later, in the unjust partition of the subcontinent Kashmir was not included in Pakistan, rather it was left at the Hindu Maharajas mercy. The people of Kashmir started no-tax agitation which, later on, assumed a militant form.

Having been defeated by the local Muslim population, the Hindu Maharaja invited Indian troops to crush the agitation. India entered the valley and then refused to withdraw her forces and eventually declared Kashmir as an integral part of India. Keeping in view the evil designs of India, Pakistan also deployed her forces in the border regions. This confrontation resulted in the first clash between India and Pakistan in 1948. The security Council arranged a ceasefire dividing Kashmir by the Line of Control. In 1957, the United Nations adopted a resolution which speaks:

“The final disposition of the state will be made in accordance with the will of the people expressed through the democratic method of a free and impartial , plebiscite”

But the dispute never came to an end. In 1965, the war again broke out between India and Pakistan. This war lasted for 22 days and it was again stopped by the Security Council. While the third war that was fought in 1971 and it was a thoroughly losing experience for Pakistan. It ended with the separation of East Pakistan, and gave way to Simla Agreement which was signed by the then President Bhutto and Premier Indira Gandhi on July 3, 1972. The accord speaks of:

“The final settlement of Jammu and Kashmir will be decided through same future meeting between two heads of India and Pakistan.”

But the last three decades have proved that both the Simla Agreement and the United Nations Resolution have nothing to do with the peaceful settlement of Kashmir Issue and have thus become totally invalid.

So far as the role of Pakistan is concerned, it is of great significance. It is also an undeniable fact that all the freedom movements of the world were supported by some friendly countries. As the world organizations like Amnesty International and Red Cross are doing nothing in this regard, the immediate responsibility rests on Pakistan to provide the Kashmiris with moral, material and diplomatic assistance in order to find an honorable and just solution of this problem. Besides this, a large number of Kashmiris are living on the border towns of Rawalpindi, Sialkot, Wazirabad, Gujranwala and Lahore.

Even the national poet of Pakistan Allama Iqbal was basically a Kashmiri. How could then we keep our eyes closed on the happenings in Kashmir?

“God who gave us life, gave us liberty at the same time.” Thomas Jefforson

It is also a hard fact that once the spirit of sacrifice and freedom is awakened in any nation, it cannot be suppressed by any amount of force. This is what happened in Afghanistan, Vietnam, Algeria, Yugoslavia, Ireland, the subcontinent and many other newly liberated the Baltic States. The war of independence and freedom is also being fought in Palestine, Chechnya, Bosnia, Iraq and Afghanistan. If America and USSR can be humiliated by the Vietnamese and Afghan Mujahedeens why not India be humiliated by the brave and determined Kashmiries whose sacrifices are greater than that of any freedom fighters in the world.

“What light is to the eyes, What air is to the lungs, What love is to the heart Liberty is to the soul of mam.” R. N. Ingersoll

Possible Solutions

Many possible options regarding the solution of this problem are under active consideration, namely to make the present Line of Control a permanent border, to give Kashmir semi-independence or to allow the Kashmiris to have an absolutely independent national state. But India and Pakistan should not impose any decision on the Kashmiris against their wishes and long-cherished aspirations.

“Make way for liberty!” he cried, Made way for liberty, and died.” James Monogmery

No decision or agreement would be binding and non-reversible unless the true Kashmiri leaders are included in the dialogues. Pakistan has demonstrated a lot of flexibility on the issue of Kashmir and has declared that it is open to new ideas and suggestions on a solution that would be acceptable not only to Pakistan and India but also to the people of Kashmir. However, there is still no sign that the two sides have reached any closer to a solution of Kashmir. Indians rigid policy over the Kashmir issue is the main hindrance in this regard.

To sum up, Kashmir has been internationally recognized as a disputed territory. Despite terrible atrocities and flagrant human rights violations, the flames of mass rebellion are rising higher and higher and there will be no end to it. The United Nations and the other organizations should play their most needed role to settle this alarming issue through the promised plebiscite.

The Indians must realize the hollowness of their claims and should not try to cheat the world by holding bogus elections in the held Kashmir. Pakistan should continue her moral, material and diplomatic support of the Kashmiris. The time is not far away when the Kashmiris will succeed in dismantling the barbed wire entanglements, recently erected on the Line of Control’ by the Indian government, as the German people demolished the Berlin wall. But it is not possible unless India is condemned to find the intensity of the liberation movement unbearable.

“When Liberty is gone, Life grown insipid and has lost Its relish.” Addition

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